It was stated in our first article what it takes to produce a top quality pet vitamin. It should be made with a precise combination of vitamins, minerals, herbs, antioxidants, bioflavonoids, fatty acids and amino acids. These ingredients have been shown to combat the ravages of free radicals and provide immune system support.

What exactly are these ingredients, where do they come from and what do they do?

Alfalfa- Alfalfa is known as the "King of Plants", and its roots have been used for centuries in many cultures. The herb belongs to the legume family, closely related to beans and peas. It is an excellent source of vitamins D, E and K, beta-carotene, minerals, fiber, chlorophyll, calcium, proteins and fats. It is especially rich in the amino acid trypophane. Alfalfa is considered to be a very beneficial herb and is used to increase appetite, alleviate certain allergic reactions and help poor digestion. It may also reduce inflammation due to arthritis and rheumatism. (Canine formula only)

Alpha Amylase- A soluble fiber that aids in digestion, Alpha Amylase allows the ingredients of the vitamin to be absorbed into the body as rapidly and quickly as possible without diminishing the antioxidant capabilities.

Amino Acids- Necessary for the synthesis of body proteins and many other tissue constituents. Amino Acids aid in building new muscle, bone and tendon cells, play a vital role in metabolism, stamina and brain function. The also enable vitamins and minerals to be properly absorbed. There are approximately twenty-eight amino acids that combine in various ways to create hundreds of different types of proteins. Some enhance the immune system by stimulating the antioxidant activity of certain enzymes and can prevent skin and coat problems. Others prevent premature aging, tumors, nerve disease and connective tissue disorders. A deficiency could cause a host of problems ranging from indigestion, stunted growth or nervous disorders.

Beta-Carotene- The precursor to Vitamin A becomes a powerful free radical scavenger in the body. Vitamin A is essential in skeletal growth, reproductive function, embryonic development and differentiation of tissues. It is crucial for proper eye function and possible cataract reduction. Vitamin A is necessary for healthy skin and mucous membranes which are the first line of defense against invading microorganisms and toxins. Beta-Carotene and Vitamin A destroy carcinogens and guard against heart disease and stroke and lowers cholesterol.

Blue Green Algae- Natures most basic food. Existing at the beginning of the food chain, it provides nutrition in its simplest form. Blue Green Algae is very rich in chlorophyll and is essential for the smooth operation of the brain and nervous system. It enhances the health of the entire body, strengthens the immune system, promotes intestinal regularity and the healing of wounds. It also boosts hemoglobin production and helps purify the blood. The trace minerals found in Blue Green algae are Boron, Calcium, Chlorine, Chromium, Cobalt, Copper, Fluorine, Geranium, Iodine, Iron, Magnesium, Manganese, Molybdenum, Nickel, Phosphorus, Potassium, Silicon, Sodium, Tin, Titanium, Vanadium and Zinc.

Brewers Yeast- A natural source of B-Complex vitamins. Studies show another beneficial effect of Brewers Yeast supplementation is significant reduction of body fleas on companion pets.

Cats Claw- Also known as Una de Gato, is an ancient herb found in the rain forest of Peru. This singular and wild woody vine is known for its amazing healing properties and had been used by native people for centuries. It cleans the intestinal tract, enhances the action of white blood cells and acts as an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory. Research in different countries, including Germany, Austria, England and Hungary has shown that Cats Claw can stimulate the immune system and may help in the treatment of diseases including cancer, viral or respiratory infections, allergies, arthritis and rheumatism.

Chicken Liver- 100% chicken liver has omega fatty acids and vitamins A, C, and the B-complex vitamin group. It contains minerals including calcium, copper, phosphorus and iron. Chicken liver is good for anemia and aids in building healthy red blood cells and can increase energy and relieve stress.

Copper- Aids in the formation of red blood cells and works with Vitamin C to form elastin, an important protein that makes up bone, skin and connective tissue. It aids in the healing process and energy production. Copper is needed for healthy joints and nerves.

Evening Primrose Oil- High in gamma linolenic acid, an essential polyunsaturated fatty acid that promotes cardiovascular health. It is known to prevent hardening of the arteries, heart disease and high blood pressure and aids in lowering cholesterol. It is good for certain skin disorders and can increase the release of sex hormones improving reproductive health.

L Methionine- An essential amino acid not synthesized by the body that must be obtained from food or supplements. It is a powerful antioxidant and good source of sulfur, which neutralizes free radicals and helps prevent skin, coat and nail problems. It can detoxify harmful agents such as lead and other heavy metals found in airborne pollutants. L Methionine supplementation is needed for the absorption, transportation, and availability of selenium and zinc in the body. It can reduce fatigue and is useful in the development of age-related cataracts. (Canine formula only).

Magnesium- Acts as a catalyst in the utilization of carbohydrates, fats, protein, calcium, phosphorus and potassium. It is important for energy and healthy maintenance of bones, teeth, arteries, heart and nerves. Research has shown magnesium can help prevent cardiovascular disease, osteoporosis and certain forms of cancer.

Manganese- An enzyme activator that plays an important part in tissue respiration and carbohydrate and fat metabolism. It is important for normal skeletal development and to maintain sex hormone production. Manganese deficiency can lead to paralysis, convulsions, dizziness, deafness and blindness.

Oyster Shell- Extremely rich in calcium, the major element in the structural framework of bones. Practically every cell in the body especially heart, nerves and muscles, rely on calcium to function properly. The heart requires calcium to maintain a normal beat. Muscles need it for contraction and relaxation.

Papain- Aids in the digestion of protein and helps cleanse the tissues and intestinal walls. The unique ability of Papain to break down protein and convert a portion of it into Arginine is extremely important because Arginine is influences the production of HGH. HGH is produced in the pituitary gland is directly responsible for DNA and RNA replication. HGH helps increase muscle tone and decrease body fat.

Phosphorus- Works with calcium to build bones and teeth and aids the body in the utilization of vitamins, and conversion of food to energy. A deficiency can lead to loss of weight and appetite, irregular breathing, fatigue and nervous disorders.

Pine Bark- The proanthocyanidids in Pine Bark have been shown in clinical studies to be 20 times more effective than Vitamin C and 50 times more effective than Vitamin E as an antioxidant. Pine Bark helps relieve pain and symptoms of osteoarthritis and rheumatism. Pine Bark has a remarkable ability to seek and destroy free radicals which is a tremendous benefit to the health of our animals. By reducing oxidative damage to cells and vital tissues, much damage is held to a subdued rate. Unlike dietary antioxidants, proanthocyanidids readily cross the blood-brain barrier to protect vital brain and nerve tissue from oxidation.

Potassium (Citrate)- Important for a healthy nervous system and regular heart rhythm. It helps prevents strokes, aids in proper muscle contraction and works with sodium to control the water balance in the body. It is important for chemical reactions within cells, aids in maintaining stable blood pressure and proper transmission of chemical impulses. Potassium regulates the transfer of nutrients through cell membranes. Signs of deficiency include abnormally dry skin, weakness, paralysis, low blood pressure and irregular heartbeat.

Selenium- An essential trace mineral whose main function is to inhibit the oxidation of fats. It is a vital antioxidant, especially when combined with Vitamin E. It protects the immune system by preventing the formation of free radicals. It has also been found to function as a preventative against the formation of certain types of tumors.

Shark Cartilage- Contains collagen and glycosaminoglycans. This combination makes shark cartilage a powerful anti-inflammatory wound healing agent that is not toxic and has no known side effects. It is also an effective substance against bacteria, virus and fungal infections. There have been several studies demonstrating the ability of shark cartilage to shrink some cancerous tumors, including those unaffected by standard treatments. Shark cartilage contains a protein that impedes the formation of blood vessels to tumors.

Taurine- Is one of the most abundant amino acids in the body. Taurine therapy is used in the treatment of ischemic heart disease. Low Taurine and magnesium levels have been found after heart attacks. Taurine also plays a role in maintaining the correct composition of bile and solubility of cholesterol. It helps stabilize cell membranes and helps the movement of potassium, sodium, calcium and magnesium in and out of cells, which generates nerve impulses. It is necessary for chemical reactions that produce normal vision. (Feline Only: Canines produce their own Taurine).

Vitamin B Complex- Necessary for carbohydrate, fat and protein metabolism. Helps the functioning of the nervous system, maintains muscle tone in the gastrointestinal tract, maintains the health of skin, coat, eyes, mouth and liver.

Vitamin B1 (Thiamine)- Essential for normal functioning of the heart, nerves, muscles, skin and digestive system. Necessary for carbohydrate metabolism.

Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin)- Necessary for carbohydrate-fat-protein metabolism and antibody and red blood cell formation. Good for healthy eyes, skin, and coat.

Vitamin B3 (Niacin)- Promotes growth. proper functioning of the nervous system, maintenance of healthy skin, tongue, digestive system, and carbohydrate-fat-protein metabolism.

Vitamin B5 (Pantothenic Acid)- Assists in the release of energy from carbohydrates, fats and proteins. Aids in the utilization of some vitamins, stimulates growth, and aids in the formation of antibodies.

Vitamin B12- Essential for normal formation of red blood cells, carbohydrate-fat-protein metabolism, and good appetite. B12 maintains fertility, promotes normal growth and development and prevents nerve damage by maintaining the fatty sheaths that protect nerve endings.

Vitamin C (Ester C) A powerful antioxidant that also protects other antioxidants such as Vitamin E. The cells of the brain and spinal cord, which frequently incur free radical damage, can be protected by significant amounts of Vitamin C. In addition to its role as an antioxidant, it also increases the synthesis of Interferon,, a natural anti-viral substance produced by the body and stimulates the activity of certain key immune cells. Vitamin C is a key factor in many immune functions and lowers the risk of cataracts while promoting cell growth and tissue repair.

Vitamin E- An essential fat soluble vitamin that includes eight naturally occurring compounds and each of these compounds exhibit different biological activities. The most widely accepted biological function of Vitamin E is related to its antioxidant activities. It is the most effective chain breaking lipid soluble antioxidant in the biological membrane. It contributes to membrane activity, protecting critical cellular structures against damage from oxygen free radicals.

Whey Protein- The importance of protein in any carnivores diet cannot be understated for it is critical in building and maintaining muscle mass and other necessary metabolic functions. Protein deficiencies can lead to retarded skeletal and muscle growth and a weakened immune system, which causes susceptibility to infections and degenerative diseases. (Feline formula)

Zinc- Zinc is a component of almost 100 enzymes involved in metabolic processes, most of which work with the red blood cells to move carbon dioxide from the tissue to the lungs. As an antioxidant it promotes normal growth and development, aids in wound healing, enhances cell division, repair and growth. It also helps synthesize DNA and RNA. Zinc deficiencies have been linked to prostate hypertrophy, cancer, slow recovery from head injuries, diabetes, arthritis and reduced immune system responses.

If your pet is suffering from hip or joint inflammation, it is suggested that the proper pet vitamin should include Glucosamine, Chondroitin, Methylsulfonymethane (MSM) and Vitamin C which will help to quickly and effectively reverse and heal the devastating effects of Osteoarthritis.

MSM supplies biologically active sulfur to animal joints. Use of MSM has been shown to reduce rigidity of cells in the soft tissues of the body. By reducing this rigidity, fluids are able to pass more freely from the cell and this helps to reduce cell pressure, thereby reducing inflammation and pain.

Glucosamine- Provides the joints with the building blocks needed to repair the damage caused by osteoarthritis. Acting as a catalyst, glucosamine helps animals synthesize new cartilage needed to replace damaged cartilage caused by wear and tear. Hip dysplasia occurs when normal wear and tear break down cartilage.

Chondroitin- Attracts and holds fluid within cartilage tissue helping to lubricate joints, increase mobility and reduce discomfort caused by hip dysplasia. Chondroitin neutralizes the destructive enzymes that are known to damage and destroy cartilage. It aids the entry of glucosamine into inflamed joints. Vitamin C promotes cartilage growth and tissue repair.

Vitamin C- Is a key factor in the immune system, helping white blood cells function. Prolonged Vitamin C deficiency will cause existing tissues to deteriorate.

Combine all this into an FDA approved lab and you have the highest quality pet vitamins imaginable.